Obstáculos epistemológicos no ensino e aprendizagem matemática sobre o conjunto dos números inteiros

Abstract

In this work, the topic Numbers and Operations was addressed, whose focus is the set of the relative integers, represented by the letter . Besides the fact that researchers two like Gaston Bachelard, revealed that many teachers are resistant to change their pedagogical method, and therefore they remain with the same teaching process throughout years, without making adaptations or making changes. In this pedagogical practice, the transmission of inappropriate concepts is usually included. that result, for students, in meaningless, confusing and flawed learning, which become obstacles to new learning. In this way, the student proceeds with their studies taking with them poorly prepared elements that serve as "stumbling blocks" for the compression and application of new topics in mathematics. Also, he often doesn't knows the origin of a given subject, the reason for its creation and what are its transformations over time. Thus, in the present work, the general objective of identifying how the teaching and learning process of the set of relative integers and which are the present obstacles, of this content, in math classes, that make learning difficult of that content, by the students. The focus of this work will be supported by the analysis of the concept of obstacles, and in this line of research we highlight the epistemological character.