Desenvolvimento de tecnologia para auxiliar a gestão eficiente do uso dos recursos hídricos em sistema de irrigação na agricultura familiar no município de Parintins / AM

Abstract

Products from family farming in the municipality of Parintins/AM, are the basis of food and generate a large part of income for local families. Although the municipality is located in the largest freshwater basin on the planet, the Amazon Basin, there is great concern about water resources, especially in the irrigation process due to the great waste that occurs during this activity. The main objective of this dissertation is to develop an irrigation system, based on the technology of the Arduino microcontroller, which makes it possible to reduce the waste of water resources in the irrigation of family farming in the municipality of Parintins. The irrigation system called Aninga, supports the management of water resources by allowing the use of the vital asset without waste. It brings financial benefits to farmers, as it is a low-cost technology system. The research was based on the theoretical precepts of the National Water Agency (2017, p.11) conceptualizes irrigation as a set of equipment and techniques to supply the total or partial deficiency of water for plants. Followed by the emphasis of Moutin et. al. (2017, p.90) that talks about the great abundance of water in Brazil, but that this should not be synonymous with waste. And Noda et al, (2001, p. 7) highlights that Family Agriculture activities have the participation of families, households and other relationships, especially those of mutual help. The nature of the research is applied presents the conception of an irrigation system (Aninga) using technology from the Arduino Mega 2560 R3 microcontroller. In order to generate knowledge for application in practices aimed at solving specific problems and involving local particularities. The research had as practice to obtain the results the use of intelligent irrigation in the cultivation of vegetables (Lettuce) in greenhouse and adapted beds. Data analysis was performed using electronic tabulation based on data generated by the Arduino microcontroller of the variables, temperature and humidity. The code embedded in the Arduino read the data described in the sensors, automatically generated Excel spreadsheets with the time of collection, name of the sensor and value of the variables. The presentation of the results is in step by step of preparation of the cultivation environment, creation of the Aninga Irrigation System, with the results in the formats of tables, graphs and images with descriptive statistics of the data of maximum, minimum, average, fashion and median. The Aninga irrigation system demonstrated its efficiency when activated during the experiment period, showing that the humidity variable obtained the best response in functionality. Keywords: Arduino microcontroller. Technology. Irrigation. Amazon.