Mofometria de Licania Tomentosa (BENTH) Fritsch sob condições de poda na arborização urbana de Itacoatiara, Amazonas

Abstract

Pruning on urban trees is carried out in order to regularize production, maintain balance in order to preserve its natural form. However, there is a need to know the effects and management actions to ensure that pruning services are performed correctly without causing damage to trees. Despite the representativeness of the species Licania tomentosa in the afforestation of several Itacoatiara neighborhoods, there are still few studies that describe the morphometric aspects under different pruning conditions, which motivated this study. Data collection consisted in the selection of 30 individuals with DBH greater than 30 cm, where 10 were trees with no signs of pruning, 10 prunings under electric wiring and 10 pruned trees free of spinning. The biometric variables measured were: total height, canopy length, diameter at breast height and commercial height of the stem. With these variables, the crown projection area and the morphometric indices were calculated. The calculated morphometric indexes were: crown ratio, degree of slenderness, salience index, coverage index. The quality parameters evaluated were: crown quality, trunk quality, presence or absence and type of pruning, pavement condition and paving free area. The individuals pruned on electric wiring differed significantly from the individuals in the other treatments, because they were located below the electrical network. There was a significant difference in crown length, with an average height of 4 meters in unprimed trees and 2.3 meters in trees pruned under wiring. The mean trunk height was similar among the individuals of all treatments. There was no significant difference between the treatments in relation to the crown projection area, indicating that the pruning influences mainly in the vertical direction. Comparison of diameter to chest height showed that trees pruned under electric wiring had lower DBP compared to individuals in the other treatments. The application of pruning under wiring significantly reduced the crown ratio compared to pruning free trees. The highest values ​​for the degree of slenderness were found in individuals who were not pruned, but did not present a significant statistical difference. The salinity index did not present a significant difference between the individuals of the three treatments, but individuals pruned under spinning showed a higher average. The crown of the trees was vigorous in all individuals who showed no signs of pruning and pruning under wiring. The area of ​​free paving near the trunk was absent in 80% of the individuals of pruned trees, while individuals pruned under wiring presented small paving near the trunk. All individuals of pruned trees under wiring were intact. There is a significant difference in the morphometry of trees that underwent pruning under spinning. The planting of Licania tomentosa under electric wiring is not recommended, and its planting is indicated for squares, parks and free spinning areas.