Avaliação do vigor de Licania tomentosa (Benth.) Fritsch sob diferentes condições de calçamento na arborização de Itacoatiara - Amazonas

Abstract

Because it provides shade, due to the shape and density of the crown, Licania tomentosa is considered the most urban of Brazilian trees. Despite the majority representation in the afforestation inventories, there are still few studies that seek to describe the vigor and evaluate the quality of the individuals, which motivated the accomplishment of this study. Data collection consisted of the selection of 30 individuals, distributed in neighborhoods of Itacoatiara where quantitative surveys of the afforestation were already carried out. Of these, 10 individuals were located in areas free of pavement, such as squares and broad beds; 10 in partially paved areas, the mean distance between the base of the trunk and the beginning of the pavement being 0.28 m; and 10 in areas with total sidewalk coverage. The quantitative parameters were: diameter at breast height (DBH), height of the first bifurcation (APB), crown diameter (DC), crown projection area (APC), leaf area (AF) and weight of one hundred leaves PCF). The qualitative parameters of vigor evaluation were: canopy quality, trunk quality, pruning type, phytosanity, crown shape and height class. There was no significant difference between the three treatments for the variables diameter at breast height and height at first bifurcation. The mean area of ​​the canopy area was higher in individuals from totally paved areas with 89.30 m², as well as the diameter of the canopy with a value corresponding to 10.42 m. Individuals in totally sidewalked areas also presented a higher mean leaf area with 35, 05 cm². The mean weight of one hundred leaves was higher in individuals from free-paved areas with 18.02 g. There was a predominance of individuals within height class B, corresponding to 4.5 m to 6.7 m. Trees located in areas free of sidewalks and partly sidewalks had trunks damaged due to the presence of nails and vandal marks. The alteration of the canopy shape was predominant in individuals in sidewalk-free and fully paved areas. Leaf spots were found in all study subjects. The presence of termites was significant in free-paved trees. The presence of ants was predominant in individuals from fully paved areas. The results of this work corroborated the use of the species Licania tomentosa for urban afforestation due to its high adaptability in different environmental conditions, presenting vigorous individuals, regardless of the pavement conditions to which they were submitted. Individuals of Licania tomentosa planted in hostile conditions, such as total paving, tend to increase the crown area.